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Climbers, including ivy, passion flower, Solanum and Trachelospermum, lend themselves to semi-ripe cuttings

Semi ripe cuttings are taken from summer to mid-autumn (Jul-Sep) from healthy stems grown this season. The base of the cutting is firm, while the tip is still soft. Use for climbers, herbs, evergreen shrubs, conifers and hedging plants. .

Evergreen shrubs such as Artemisia, Berberis, Brachyglottis, Camellia,Ceanothus, Choisya, Cistus, Convolvulus cneorum, Erica, Hebe, Fatsia, Mahonia and Viburnum.

Deciduous

Deciduous refers to plants (mainly trees and shrubs) that lose their leaves seasonally, usually during autumn. This is a natural process triggered by the season's shorter days and lower temperatures and allows plants to conserve energy during the winter months. shrubs such as Hydrangea, Forsythia, Edgeworthia and Buddleja

Groundcover plants including Lonicera pileata, periwinkle, Rubus tricolor and Rubus calycinoides.

Hedging plants such as box, cherry laurel, Escallonia, holly, Loniceranitida, Portuguese laurel and privet.

Herbs including bay, hyssop, lavender, rosemary, rue, sage and thyme.

Trees that can be propagated as semi-ripe cuttings include Magnolia grandiflora and holly, as well as many evergreen conifers.

Semi-ripe cuttings

Semi ripe cuttings are taken from summer to mid-autumn (Jul-Sep) from healthy stems grown this season. The base of the cutting is firm, while the tip is still soft. Use for climbers, herbs, evergreen shrubs, conifers and hedging plants. are selected from this season’s growth. The base of the cutting should be hard, while the tip is still soft. This material is available in late summer until mid-autumn.

Avoid damaged, unhealthy, over-vigorous or atypical material, selecting shoots that are more horizontal in habit with short internodes (gaps between the leaves). To produce suitable material for semi-ripe cuttings, hard prune unproductive stock plants in spring to stimulate new growth to take cuttings

A method of growing new plants from parts of an existing plant, such as sections of root, stem, leaf or bud. When prepared correctly and planted in the right conditions, they can produce roots and eventually become independent plants. There is a wide range of different methods for taking cuttings, depending on the plant and time of year. from.

It is worth noting that, before mid-summer, propagate by taking softwood cuttings . And, after mid-autumn, the wood hardens, so take hardwood cuttings then.

Choose healthy material that is free of pests and diseases and remove it with sharp, clean tools. It is best to take cuttings

A method of growing new plants from parts of an existing plant, such as sections of root, stem, leaf or bud. When prepared correctly and planted in the right conditions, they can produce roots and eventually become independent plants. There is a wide range of different methods for taking cuttings, depending on the plant and time of year. in the morning to avoid wilting.

There are four different types of semi-ripe cuttings:

• The basic method cuts just below a leaf to leave a prepared cutting of 10-15cm (4-6in) in length.
• Heel cuttings: Where the cutting is pulled away with a piece of the stem, can be used – Ceanothus and Berberis are commonly propagated from heel cuttings
• Basal cuttings
  These are cuttings taken from strong new shoots sprouting from around the base of a plant, often in spring. : Where the shoot is severed at its base. There is often a slight swelling here and the cut should go through this area. Brooms respond well to this method
• Mallet cuttings: Are sometimes used for Mahonia. Each leaf is planted as a cutting, burying it with a piece of stem attached

Taking a basic semi-ripe cutting

• Select the cuttings from this season’s growth and remove them using sharp secateurs.
• Place the cuttings in a plastic bag straight away. Keep the bag in the shade or, in hot weather, the fridge until you are ready to prepare the cuttings. However, aim to pot the cuttings within 12 hours.
• Prepare the cuttings by trimming them to 10-15cm (4-6in) in length, cutting just below a leaf node. Next, remove the lowest leaves and the soft tips. There will usually be about four leaves remaining.
• Dip the bottom of the cutting in fresh hormone
  Chemical substances that regulate plant growth and development. There are several types of plant hormones, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid and ethylene. These hormones play important roles in processes such as cell division, elongation and differentiation, as well as in responses to environmental stimuli such as light and gravity. rooting powder, ensuring that the cut is well covered. Tap gently to remove the excess.
• On large-leaved shrubs, cut the leaf in half to reduce water loss.
• For difficult-to-root shrubs, such as Magnolia grandiflora, try ‘wounding’. This is the removal of a sliver of bark
  Bark is the outermost layer of woody plants (trees, shrubs and woody climbers). It is several cells thick and provides protection against physical damage, disease and environmental stresses. Bark comes in a wide variety of colours and patterns, and these can help gardeners when identifying plants. The fissures and crevices of bark on older plants also creates valuable habitat for many garden creatures as well as lichens and small plants. 2.5cm (1in) long on one side of the stem at the base.
• Insert the cuttings into suitably-sized containers filled with cuttings compost
  Can refer to either home-made garden compost or seed/potting compost: • Garden compost is a soil improver made from decomposed plant waste, usually in a compost bin or heap. It is added to soil to improve its fertility, structure and water-holding capacity. Seed or potting composts are used for growing seedlings or plants in containers - a wide range of commercially produced peat-free composts are available, made from a mix of various ingredients, such as loam, composted bark, coir and sand, although you can mix your own. – use 50 per cent free-draining potting compost mixed with 50 per cent sharp sand
  Sharp sand is washed, gritty sand used in potting compost mixes, This is sold for gardening and is not the same as builders sharp sand. or perlite
  Perlite is a naturally occurring volcanic rock which, when heated to high temperatures, expands to produce lightweight, micro-porous granules. It was traditionally added to compost to aid drainage and aeration, however, its manufacture, packaging and distribution has a big environmental impact, so locally-sourced grit or gravel is now preferred. . Water well and allow to drain.
• Place the container of cuttings in a greenhouse. Alternatively, cover pots with a plastic bag and put in a warm, light position, out of direct sunlight. Remember to remove excess moisture, but keep compost damp. Cuttings taken in summer seldom need bottom heat but by autumn cuttings root more quickly in a heated propagator
  A heated propagator is a portable heated structure with a vented lid and adjustable, constant, thermostatic temperature control. It provides a warm, humid environment to help seeds germinate and cuttings to root quickly. .

Hardy shrubs can also be rooted directly in the soil, ideally enriched with plenty of organic matter, in cold frames or low tunnels of polythene sheeting, but may not root fully until late spring the following year.

Rooting is quick for cuttings

A method of growing new plants from parts of an existing plant, such as sections of root, stem, leaf or bud. When prepared correctly and planted in the right conditions, they can produce roots and eventually become independent plants. There is a wide range of different methods for taking cuttings, depending on the plant and time of year. taken in summer. Here are more tips to help you get good results:

• Ensure that the compost
  Can refer to either home-made garden compost or seed/potting compost: • Garden compost is a soil improver made from decomposed plant waste, usually in a compost bin or heap. It is added to soil to improve its fertility, structure and water-holding capacity. Seed or potting composts are used for growing seedlings or plants in containers - a wide range of commercially produced peat-free composts are available, made from a mix of various ingredients, such as loam, composted bark, coir and sand, although you can mix your own. remains moist until the cuttings are well rooted, shading the greenhouses and cold frames in hot weather.
• Remove any dead or diseased cuttings that appear.
• Additionally, for cuttings in outdoor beds and cold frames, remove any fallen leaves.
• Cuttings rooted in greenhouses and propagators will need hardening off
  Gradually acclimatising tender or indoor-raised plants to outdoor conditions, to toughen them up and prevent a check in growth. Place plants outside in a sheltered spot during the day then bring indoors at night for a couple of weeks. Or place in a coldframe, opening the lid during the day. for two to three weeks before potting on
  Moving a plant from one pot into a slightly larger one, once its roots have filled the current pot. Most container plants need potting on every few years. If you leave a plant in the same pot for too long, its roots will become overcrowded (pot bound), hindering growth. or planting. Cold frames, unheated greenhouses or even under horticultural fleece
  A soft, fibrous, translucent material laid over or around plants hastening their growth and protecting them against weather and pests. Heavier grades of fleece give about 2°C of protection from frost. It is usually used without supporting hoops. are good places to harden off
  Gradually acclimatising tender or indoor-raised plants to outdoor conditions, to toughen them up and prevent a check in growth. Place plants outside in a sheltered spot during the day then bring indoors at night for a couple of weeks. Or place in a coldframe, opening the lid during the day. .

Fungal moulds and rots can cause severe losses. Fungicide dips are no longer available, but regularly removing diseased material and ensuring good ventilation

The introduction of outdoor air into a space, for example, a greenhouse. This airflow can reduce temperature, replenish the gases absorbed by plants and keep down fungal diseases like grey moulds. to help remove excess moisture (without allowing the cuttings

A method of growing new plants from parts of an existing plant, such as sections of root, stem, leaf or bud. When prepared correctly and planted in the right conditions, they can produce roots and eventually become independent plants. There is a wide range of different methods for taking cuttings, depending on the plant and time of year. to wilt) can help.

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