Chemical labels explained
The labels on garden chemicals provide important information on when, where and how to use that product. Our handy guide helps you decipher this information so you can be sure to use them as safely as possible.
Quick facts
Common name - Juniper scale
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Scientific name - Carulaspis juniperi
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Plants affected - Junipers (Juniperus spp.) cypresses (Cupressus and Chamaecyparis), Leyland cypress (x Cuprocyparis leylandii) and Thuja
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Main symptom - Small whitish brown scale insects on foliage
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Most active - Summer
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What is juniper scale?
Juniper scale is one of several species of scale insect that can be encountered by gardeners. Juniper scale females are apparent on foliage as flat, round white scales, with a pale yellow centre up to 1.5 mm in diameter. The males are narrower and reach 1 mm in length. It feeds on plant of junipers and some other conifers. The eggs of this scale insect hatch in June.
Scale insects are sap sucking true bugs belonging to several families in the Hemiptera. Typically the adults are immobile having a flattened or raised appearance, with no visible legs. They often look like a 鈥榮cale鈥� on a leaf or stem, many species produce a white wax often covering egg masses. There are more than 100 species found in Britain, 26 of which have been introduced. More than 25 species can be found in gardens or on houseplants.
Symptoms
Juniper scale is often present on the foliage of susceptible conifers but are only a problem if a heavy infestation develops when there may be yellowing and die back of the foliage. Unlike many other scale insects this species does not produce honeydew.
There can be other reasons for brown patches in conifers including insects such as the cypress aphid . Large populations of juniper scale often seem to develop on plants that are already suffering a lack of vigour for these other reasons.
Management
- Where possible tolerate populations of scale insects. Well-tended healthy plants are able to tolerate light populations of these insects and so they do not necessarily require management
- Encourage predators in the garden, some ladybirds , parasitoid wasps and some birds will eat scale insects
- Heavily affected plants can be removed and replaced. Large populations of juniper scale often develop on plants that are already lacking vigour
See also
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Category: Advice -
Category: AdviceConifers: brown patches
Brown patches in conifers can be caused by a number of reasons. Insects or diseases are responsible for some cases, but others may be caused by growing conditions or routine operations such as trimming. -
Category: AdviceBeech scale
Beech scale produces a grey-white waxy powder which can be obvious on beech trees. This does little harm to the trees. -
Category: AdviceBrown scale
Brown scale is a sap-sucking insect, evidence of which can be found on woody plants at any time of year, partly because dead scales remain attached to the bark. -
Category: AdviceCushion scale
Heavy cushion scale populations can result in the foliage of camellia, holly, rhododendron, Trachelospermum and some other evergreen plants being covered in sooty mould during the early months of the year. -
Category: AdviceCypress aphid
Cypress aphid is one of the possible causes of dieback on some conifer hedges. It has become more frequenton some conifers since the 1980s, particularly on Leyland cypress. -
Category: AdviceEuonymus scale
Euonymus scale has become widespread in England and can cause severe dieback on evergreen Euonymus species. -
Category: AdviceFluted scale
Once an uncommon glasshouse insect in Britain, fluted scale now occurs on outdoor plants in sheltered places. -
Category: AdviceHemispherical scale
Small brown sap sucking hemispherical scale insects can encrust the leaves and stems of a wide range of glasshouse plants. -
Category: AdviceHorse chestnut scale
Horse chestnut scale became established in London in the 1960s and has since spread throughout England and into Wales. The white egg masses are often noticed on the trunks and branches of trees and shrubs but it causes no serious damage. -
Category: AdviceHydrangea scale
Hydrangea scale became established in Britain during the 1980s and has since become widespread in English gardens, it is also found in parts of Scotland and Wales. -
Category: AdviceMussel scale
Mussel scale is a sap feeding insect that can be found on the bark of its host plants all year round. -
Category: AdviceOleander scale
The small whitish oleander scale can affect a variety glasshouse plants, including oleander, dracaena, palms and ornamental asparagus. -
Category: AdviceOrchid and other diaspid scale insects
Small sap sucking diaspid scale insects can encrust the leaves and stems of glasshouse orchids and some other glasshouse plants. -
Category: AdviceScale insects
Adult scale insects are usually covered in waxy shell-like cover. There are more than 25 species of scale insect found in British Gardens. Each species has a different host range and life cycle. They feed by sucking sap and some can weaken host plants, many excrete a sticky substance (honeydew), which allows the growth of sooty moulds. -
Category: AdviceScurfy rose scale
Small white sap sucking scurfy rose scale insects can encrust rose (Rosa) and occasionally blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) stems. -
Category: AdviceSoft scale
Soft scale insect is very widespread and common. It is flat, oval pale yellow/brown and feeds on a wide variety of garden and glasshouse plants. It produces large amounts of honeydew. -
Category: AdviceViburnum scale
Viburnum scale affects Viburnum tinus and ivy (Hedera),it can result in a coating of honeydew and sooty mould. -
Category: AdviceWisteria scale
Wisteria scale is a sap sucking insect that was first found in Britain in a London garden in 2001. Since then it has spread but remains mainly confined to London and the surrounding areas. -
Category: AdviceYew scale
Yew scale is a sap-sucking insect that can be found on yew (Taxus) light populations of this insect are part of the natural biodiversity that this plant can support.